Lubricating device



May 31, 1927.

E. GASS LUBRICATING DEVI CE Filed Deo. 8, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet by j May 31,1927.

E. GASS 'LUBRICATING DEVICE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 8, 1925 cant. the

high pressure and Patented 3l., i927..

ERNEST GASS, OF CLIC, FRANGE.

enamorarme nnvrcn.

.application lel beceinber 1925, Serial No. 74,185, and in France December 17, 1924i.

The present invention relates to improvements in lubricating devices or grease guns, which make it possible to inject the lubricant into the oil-grooves or bearings, or to drive it into a place to be lubricated, under high pressure.

A, device according tothe invention comprises a lubricant container, which is equipped with a dierential pressure piston, forming a part oit' a super-pressure pump by means ot' which the lubricant is forced into the tube system, the' connecting piece and the places to be lubricated. A small portion ot the lubricant is brought under employed for operating the differential pressure piston of the lubricant container. l f I Some preferred constructional forms of the invention are shown by way of examples in the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal, central sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the invention. u l Y Figure 2 shows a lubricating nipple.

lThe Figures 3, f1, 5 and show corresponding views of some modiiiedconstructional forms of the invention.

Figure 6 is a lateral view, illustrating the connection between the super-pressure piston and the connecting or coupling nut shown in Figure 5.

Figure .7 is a sectional torni of the embodiment Figure. 8 shows the valve chamber and the double-acting nonreturn valve of Figure 7 on a greater scale.

view of a` modified Figure 9 a sectional view of a further constructional form ot' the invention, at which the pressure upon the piston in the lubricant container is effected by a cylindrical spring.

'lhe super-pressure piston 2'is equipped with a press-button 1 andis located in the handle or grip 3 of the lubricant container 7. This latter part is closed at its outer end by means of a Athreaded cover 5, to which the handle3 is fastened. rlhe outward movenient oi the piston 2 is limited by a stop or pin 4. 'ln the container 7, the innerspace 8 ot which serves t'or taking up the. lubrisuper-pressure cylinder 6 and the diliercnlial piston are arranged. The large shittable packing disc of the differential piston is Jfastened by means of a nut 9;' The inner end oi' the container' 7 is closed by. a

. der 11 of linked, which shown in Figure 1.

bottom piece 27, to which the narrow cylinthe differential piston is connected. 'lo the disc 10 the small piston 12 of the did'erential cylinder is fastened. 13 is a leather packing collar for the piston 12, in Which the cylinder 6 ismoving which terminates in a valve seat 14. 15 is a leather nonreturn ila on the super-pressure piston and is exposer to the pressure of a spring 16'. To the tube shaped cylinder 11 a tube 18 is at one end is connected to a coupling block or head 19. A. leather packing 17 is arranged between the tube 18 and the cylinder 11. The head 19 is formed with -a groove-shaped seat 20 adapted to take up the flange 21,01: a lubricating nipple 22 (Fig. 2). il. spring actuated packing cap 2()a is arranged behind the groove 20, in order to secure a tight connection. ln the link chamber 23 apertures 24 for the valve is formed in the seat 14,. A washer 2G- is arranged between the disc 10 in the container 7 and 'the bottom cover A27 of the latter. A. cylindrical spring 29 is arranged in the inner cylinder 6 and serves for returning thesuper-pressure piston 2 into its normal position in which the pin 4 abuts against the handle 3.

rThe device operates in the :following manner: It is assumed that the container 7 and .the interior hollow space 28 of the superpressuref cylinder'G are tilled with a lubriliand at the place to belubricated. The operator catches the handle and brings the with" the tlan'gc 21 ot' thenipple., whereby the button 1 rests in his palm By closing the hand thepiston 2 is pressed into the c vlinderr 6, whereby the lubricant contents of the same is compressed and/through the aperture passes into the chamber 23, the` valve 15 being lifted from its seat byy the pressure. A portion of the lubricant will also pass into the simili cylinder of the differential piston, through the apertures 24 in the valve seat 14 i Through the apertures or ducts in the interior of the parts 18 and 19 the lubricant in the chamber 231is now pressed into the nipple i The small amount through the aperture 24 was pressed under the leather packing 13, is under a high pres- 3 with four fingers sure, which corresponds to thc -iorce which tif) cant and that the nipple otFigure 2 is at groove 20 into engagement r loo of lubricant, which ilo was exerted by the operator, Whichforce at least must be sufficient to overcome the resistance of the spring 16.

Through the packing 13 this pressure is transmit-ted to the differential piston 12, which thereby moves forward and cornpresses the contents of the container 7. In this way the formation ot' air bubbles and depressions in the container is prevented.

Vv'hen the lubricating process has been tinished the operator relieves his hold upon the button 1, whereby the spring 2S) pushes the piston into its normal position. At the moment, at which the end ot' the piston 2 emerges from the cylinder' G, lubricant Jfrom the container 7 will be sucked into the cylinder 6, which now is under vacuum, because the flap returned to its seat and closed the cylinder (S hermetically at the beginning ot the return movement ot the piston 2. It is true, that the lubricant which is below the packing 13 again comes under the lower pressure corresponding to'the force of the spring 1G, but this is ot no consequence, because the object of the differential piston nevertheless is attained, namely to suppress the air spaces in' the container 7 and to keep this under a light pressure, in order to secure a regular feeding or admission ot lubricant into the super-pressure cylinder.

Example: Experience has shown, that 1t is possible to'attain a super-pressure of 250 kilo per cm2.

It is assumed that the surface of the leather packing 13 sliding between the cylinders 6 and 11 is 1 cm2 and that the surface of the large leather disc 10 of the differential piston is 2O cm2. The pressure obtained in the container will then be:

The normal lubrication takes place at a pressure ot about 3U kilo, so thatin the container 12,5 kilo per cm2 a pressure of 2()- is obtained.` This is however more than sufticient to secure a pressure which is necessary ;tor a good functioning of the apparatus. u V

When the container? is empty the leather disc 10 will join closely7 to the cover 5. The refilling may be effected in any ot the manners described below;

1. The cover 5 is removed and the differential piston is pushedback, whereupon the container is lilled with 4a lubricantin the usual manner.

2. The handle 3 is nnscrewed and a lubricant-containing tube is screwed to the container. By exertino a pressure upon the tube, the contentent5 the same is forced into the container, whereby the differential pis- 1,5 kilo per cm2 ton is pushed back, against alight resistance from the lubricant which still is at hand in the small cylinder of the diterential piston and is driven out through the aperture 24 and the valve 15.

This resistance will bring forth ay thorough and complete filling, without air bubbles or air pockets in the lubricant. After the lilling has been completed, the tube is replaced by the handle 3 and the device is again ready :tor use.

The derice or grease gun shown in the Figures 3 and 4 operates in the same manner as that already described, but is partly of an other construction.

rlt`l1e nipple 4 shown in Figure 4 may be conical or spherical in its upper part and is screwed to the part to be lubricated. The device is brought to rest against the lubricating nipple (Figure 4) by means ol the cone or the inner a hand is pressed against the container 33. A super-pressure cylinder 37 slides It'orward and backward on the piston 34. The lubricant at hand in the super-pressure c linder 37 is compressed and escapes partly tirough the valve41, which is formed of a suitable material, for instance leather. From the valve 41 the lubricant passes into the nipple 43. Under the etect of the compressed lubricant the packing 42 of the coupling nut will forni an absolutely tight connection be tween the nipple and the Walls of the part 30.

A portion of the pressure-operated lubricant passes through apertures into the chamber 39 and transmits its pressure to the dilierential piston through the leather packing on the same. The differential piston in turn compreses the lubricant in container 33.

lVhen the lubricating has been finished the pressure upon the container 33 is left ofi". Under the eti'ect of the return spring the cylinder 37 returns into its origin-.il position and the lubricating operation can commence anew. The manner ot operation is mainly the saine as described .with reference to Figure 1.

The parts 30 and 42 form a very silnple and ettective connection. The circular leather disc is formed with an interiorly situated cone of a lesser diameter than the cone ot the part 30. On account of this the leather disc will be pressed somewhat back-` ward. thereby compressing the spring slightly already before the inner cone ot the part 30 has been brought into engagement with the cone 43 ot the nipple. The tirst contact takes place on account of the spring action. T he lubricant which arrives in the chamber of the coupling piece under pressure, will press the circular leather collar 4Q against the inner walls ot the part 3() and against the outer cone 43 of the lubricating nipple.

The more the pressure upon the lubricant ball-shaped nut, whereupon.

Utl

itin

noaa-voo 7 also operates after the same principles as till the devices already described, but the construction is a-diii'erent one.`

rlhe nipple of Figure is screwed to the object to be lubricated. The coupling piece' 64 is connected to this lubricating nipple by letting the Hange 46 slide into the groove 45. lhe lubricating is effected by' exerting a pulling action uponft-he container, in a manner as if one wouldattenipt to draw it away :trom the nipple. y The coupling/piece 64 (Figure 5) is at this constructional form connected to the super-pressure Kpiston 55 and will eiiect a displacing of the latter, so thatthe part 54 oit the super-pressure piston will immerge into the cylinder 56. The lubricant, which is compressed in the cylinder 56, is pressed into the chamber 48' through the leathervvalve 59. From the chamber 48 the lubricant passes through the groove 61 respectively '49 and thereupon through the ducts and the coupling piece 64 into the lubricating nipple.` Before thel lubricant passed into the chamber 48. however, a portion ot the samey passed through the aperture 50 and exerts its pressure ony the leather ring, which is fastened to the differential piston. The manner of oper-.L

ation is otherwise the same as shown in Figure 1. f

The coupling piece 19 ofFi'gure/l ma also be employed at the device shown ,inl igure 3, by turning the opening of the groove 20 about an angle of 180. Thegroove 20 may also be placed perpendicularly 'to the main axis, or slightly inclined in any desired diat the device rection. The pressure button 1 and the push piston 2 ot the device shown in Figure 7 are of a construction similar to that shown in Figure 1. The device consists'of a lubricant container 7 having a cover` 5. A displacement piston is movable in this container. A handle 8 serves as holding means, when the super-pressure piston 2 is pressed downward, and is txedly, connected to the'cover 5 by being screwedVv to the same, or by other means. In order to effect, that the piston 2 after each downward movement automatically returns' to its original position, the

lower end of the said piston is connectedv to the spring 29. A pin 4 limits the upward movement of .the piston. At the bottom of the container 7 the cylinder 11 is fastened, in which the differential piston 12 is moving.

The valve chamber and the pressure cylinder 6 are securely 'connected to the container, by means ot a screw connection. The

nonreturn valve 15 is double acting and is equipped with a small valve disc 15, which only has a stroke of about '1 mm. This` valve disc is subjected to the action .of a

relatively weak spring 15b, which becomes Tft -pass below the dili'erential piston 12. The

spring 16 rests on` a leather'collar 17, which closes the ball-link connection of the tube 18 and the coupling piece 19-20.

The devicey operates in the manner described before. When the piston 2 is pressed inward, a super-pressure is created in the interior ol' ythe cylinder `6, whereby the diaphrag1n`14 will be deflected over a distance corresponding to the stroke of the valve 15a. At this point lubricant will pass through the apertures 24 behindthe piston 12. and press this piston. as well as the displacement piston upward, whereby a super-pressure is created in the container If the superpressure in the cylinder 6 is higher, the main nonreturn valve 15 will yield, thereby openY ing thepassage through the coupling to the place to be lubricated. At the commenceynient ofthe return movement of the piston -2 the nonreturn valve V15, and'thereby alsothe apertures 24, are closed. The pressure behind the piston 12 does however still exist, and consequently also the super-pressure in thev container 7. vVhen the piston 2 has 'reached its initial position, lubricant will yvance, the lubricant willv be prevent-ed from emerging through the coupling unintentionlu ally, and otherwise no super-pressure would be created under the displacement piston and no compression would take place in the container Y7.- The pre-opening of the valve in the direction towards the super-pressurc pistonV is thus of great importance -for the 'operation of the apparatus.

The annular cross-section of the piston 12 is calculatedfinsuch a manner, that the sury face pressure abnormal Vmanual operation of the apparatus,is sufficient to maintain "Such super-pressure in the container, as is f necessary for displacing the lubricant in the, pressing cylinder.y The higher the. counter pressure at the lubricating operatioiris, the higher is also the pressure, which presses thc displacement piston upward so that, the conii tents of the container isY compressed and 'forced into 'the small pressing cylinder.

The diii'erential pressure, which is created 130 The same 100 A by the lubricant mass, which is pressed under the displacement piston by the double acting nonreturn valve, may be replaced by a mechanism means suchas shown by way of an example in .Figure 9. .et this arrangement the double acting 'valve has been dispensed with, and the displacement piston is arranged under the influence of a cylindrical spring of suitable strength, which for instance may be arranged between the cylinder 11 and the piston l2 and may act directly" uponv the displacement piston or upon the'piston 12. ln the valve chamber only the valve 15 is arranged, and when the container 7 is` to be i'illed the displacement piston ispressed downward against the force of the spring. 66 and is arrested by means of a locking mechanism. The displacement piston is, as before, connected to the piston l2 in which the cylinder 6 is located. rThe cylinders 6 and 1l may both be fastened to the valve casing, for instance by means of a screw connection. When the piston 2 is pressed downward, the lubricant which by the displacement piston has beeinforced into the cylinder '6, will be pressed past the valve and through the valve chamber into the lace to be lubricated.

Tie displacement piston is thereby continually under the .action of the spring 6G which presses it upward accordingas lubricant by the force of the spring is forced into the pressing cylinder whenthe inlet opening of this is given free. ln this vway the lubricant in the container is compressed and air pockets in the mass' will not be formed.` Packing means should bearranged orythe push piston,- f. inst. as indicated at 68 (Figs. 7 and 9). Further :packings may be Varranged in the op'en space 69 (Figs. l and 7) arranged at the other end of the push piston.

Common for all constructional forms ot the invention. is the feature, thatv the. mass in the containeris brought under such a pressure, that air" `bubbles in the stime are prevented and that the necessary amount ot lubricant instantaneously is forced into the pressure cylinder when this is released by means ot the'pressure. piston.

I claim: v y 1. A grease gun, comprising in combination, a lubricant container,'a pressure cylinder arranged coaxiallyto tlie'said lubricant container and communicatingwith -the saine, a pushpiston movably arranged 'in the said `lubricant container and adaptedto be forced into the said pressure cylinder for pressing lubricant through the saine into the place to be lubricated, aspi'ing for. returning the said push piston to its normal position after each operative stroke of the same, L -diiierential iiston consisting of a, tubeshaped stem siding on the said pressure cylinder and a piston disc adapted to move in the said lubricant container in order to `into the said pressure cylinder for pressing lubricant through the same into the place to be lubricated, a spring for returning the said push piston to its normal position after' each operative stroke of the same, a differential iston consisting of a tube-shaped stein sliding on the said rassure cylinder and a piston disc adaptedJ-to move in the said lubricant container in order to keep the lubricant in the same under pressure, a tube surrounding the said tube sha led stem and being connected at one end to t e said lubricant container, operating means 'for said differential piston and packing means for the push piston at the outer end of the con'- tainer and in the part of the said pressure cylinder opening into the lubricant container.

3. A grease gun, comprising in combination, a lubricant container, a. pressure cylinder' arranged coaxially to the said lubricant container and communicating with. the same a push piston movably arranged in the said lubricant container and adapted to be forced into the said pressure cylinder for pressing lubricant through the same into the place to be lubricated, a. spring for returning the said push piston to its normal position after each operative stroke of the same, a diierential piston consistingof a tube-shaped stein sliding on thesaid' pressure cylinder and a iston disc adapted to move in the said lu rilcant container in order to lice/p` the lubricant inthe same under pressure, a tube connected at oncend lto the lubricant container and serving as a guide for the said tube shaped ystem of the differential piston, operating means for thesaid diierential piston, a. valve arranged at the end of the pressure cylinder remote from the lubricant container and ada ted to be opened at the 'downward stro ie of the said push piston and )smoking means for the push piston at both en s of the lubricant container.

4. A grease gun, coniprisingin combination, a lubricant container, a pressure c linder arranged coaxially to the said lubricant containerl and communicating with thcsaine, a push piston movably arranged in the said lubricant container and adapted to be forced into the said pressure cylinder for pressing lubricant through the same into the place lltl tra'

and a piston disc adapted to move in the said lubricant container in order to keep the lubricant in the same under pressure, a tube connected at one end to the lubricant container and serving as a guide for the said tube shaped stern of the differential piston, packing means for the said push piston at both ends of the lubricant container, and communication openings in the walls of the saidpressure cylinder for admitted lubricant under the lower end ofthe said diierential piston at the downward stroke of the said push piston in order to press the same into contact` with the contents of the said lubricant container.

5. A grease gun, comprising in combination, a lubricant container, a pressure cylinder arranged coaxially to the said lubricant container and communicating with the same, a push piston movably arrangedin the said lubricant container and adapted to be forced into the said pressure cylinder for pressing lubricant through the same into the place to be lubricated, a spring for returning the' said push piston to its normal position after each operative stroke of the same, a diiferen`- tial piston consisting of a tube-shaped stem sliding on the said pressure cylinder and a piston disk adapted to movein the said lubricant container in order to keep the lubricant 'n the same under pressure, a tube connected at one end to the lubricant container and serving as a guide for the said tubel shaped stern of the differential piston, packing means for the said push piston, at both ends of the'lubricant container, communication openings in the walls of the said pressure cylinder for admitting lubricant under the lower end of the said diiferential piston at the downward stroke of the said push piston in order to press the same into contact with the contents of the said lubricant container, a one way valve controlling the admission of lubricant into the openings in the wall ofthe said pressure cylinder and into the place to be lubricated, and a coupling member connected to the pressure cylinder.

6. A grease gun, comprising in combination, a lubricant container, a pressure cylinder arranged coaxially to the said lubricant container and communicating with the same,y

a push piston movably arranged inthe said lubricant container and adapted to be forced into the said pressure cylinder for pressing lubricantthrough the same into the place to be lubricated, a spring forreturning the said push pistonto its position after each operative stroke of the same, a differential piston consisting of a the openings in the wall of tube-shaped stem sliding on the said pressure cylinder and a piston disc adapted to move in the said lu.u bricant container in order to keep the lubricant in the saine under pressure, a tube connected at one end tothe lubricant container and serving as a guide for the said tube shaped stein of the diiferential piston, packing means for the said pushpiston at both ends ot' the lubricant container, communication `openings in the walls of the said pressure cylinder for admitting lubricant under the lowerend of the said differential' piston, at the downward stroke of the said push pistonin order to press the saine into contact` with the contents of the said lubricant container, a one way valve controlling the admission of lubricant into the said pressure cylinder and into the place to be lubricated, and ay coupling member linkedly conpressurecylinder.

7. A grease gun, comprising in combination, a lubricant container, a pressure cyl-r inder arranged coaxially tothe said lubricant container and communicating with the same, a push piston movably arranged in the said lubricant container and adapted to be forced into the said pressure cylinder for pressing lubricantI` through the same into the place to be lubricated, a spring for returning the said push piston to its normal position after each operative stroke nected to the of the same, a diferential piston consisting of a tube-shapedk stem sliding on the said pressure cylinder and a piston disc adapted to move in the said lubricant container in order to keep the lubricant in the same under pressure, a tube connected at one end to the lubricant container and serving as a guide for the said tube shaped stem of the differential piston, packing means for the said push piston at both ends of the lubricant container, communication openings in the walls ot the said pressure cylinder for admitting lubricant under the lower end of the said differential piston at the downward stroke of the said push piston in order to press the same into contact with the contents of the said lubricant container, a one way valve, an auxiliary one way valve arranged in the same .and adapted to open the communication openings to the differential piston under the influence of the'initial pressure exerted by the push piston', whereas the first named valve opens the passage leading to the place to be lubricated, when the pressure has reached a certain value, a coupling head to be yieldingly connected to the place to be lubricated, a link device connecting the said coupling head to the said pressure cylinder and packingmeans in the said link device, for exerting a tightening effeet which increases in accordance with the increasing pressure of the lubricant. y

i 8; A grease gun, comprising in combination, a lubricant container, a pressure cylinder'arranged coaxially to the said lubricant container and communicating with the same,`a push piston lnovably arranged in the said lubricant container and adapted to be forced into the said pressure cylinder for pressing lubricant through the same into the place to be lubricated, a spring for returning the said pushpiston to its normal position -after each operative stroke-of the same, a differential p iston consistin of a tube-shaped stein sliding on the sal pressure cylinder and a piston disc adapted to move in the said lubricant container in order to keep the lubricant in the same under pressure, a ktube connected at one end to the lubricant containery and serving as a guide for the said ltube shaped stern of the (lider-I ential piston, packing` means for the said push piston at broth ends of the lubricant container, communication openings in the Walls of the said pressure cylinder for admitting lubricant under Vthe lower end o the said dierential piston at `the downward stroke of the said push piston in order to press the same into Contact with the contents of the said lubricant container, a one Way valve, an auxiliary one way valve arranged in the saine and adapted to open the communication openings to the diii'erential vpiston under the influence of the initial pressure exerted by the push piston, whereas Athe first named valve opens the passage leading to the place to be lubricated when the pressure has reached a. certain value, a coupling head to be yieldingly connected `to the place to be lubricated, a link device connecting the said coupling head to the said pressure cylinder, packing means in the said link device, for exerting a tightening effect which increases in accordance with the increasing pressuire of the lubricant7 and means for holding the grease gun during the use of the saine. I

Aln testimony whereof have signed iny name to this speciication.

Ennnsr Gites. 

